if … else
An example
#include <iostream.h>
int main() {
// define two integers
int x = 3;
int y = 4;
//print out a message telling which is bigger
if (x > y) {
cout << "x is bigger than y" << endl;
} else {
cout << "x is smaller than y" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
In this case condition is equal to "(x > y)" which is equal to "(3 > 4)" which is a false statement. So the code within the else clause will be executed. The output of this program will be:
x is smaller than y If instead the value for x was 6 and the value for y was 2, then condition would be "(6 > 2)" which is a true statement and the output of the program would be: x is bigger than y